What is the difference between indigenous education and western education

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Both type of education focuses on teaching and the autonomy of students is based on high level of conformity. In spite of both indigenous and missionaries education having teachers, the indige- nous African teachers were not specific. The teaching included any one elderly or knowledgeable person that the teachers. Missionary education had an obligation to train teachers and these were paid in kind.

The trained teachers were those who could read, understand and interpret the bible. Training of teachers took place at normal schools. Indigenous education was for everyone in the community and existed for the purpose of strengthening the community while Modern education is for everyone in the society for the purpose of strengthening the society. Even though both were agents of transmitting culture to the young generation, indigenous education taught children their own indigenous culture based within their own society while Modern education brought in their culture from another society, for example in Africa the European specifically brought in their culture to which African children were not very familiar with.

The aims and objectives of indigenous education is to teach or instilling of the accepted standards and beliefs governing good behaviour, creating unit and general agreement by people. In terms of organization structure, the modern education was hierarchically well structured from lowest to the highest level it has schools or buildings where learning took place or formal organization of either nation or local educational systems and it was bookish, they had curriculum and time table in place.

This explains why education learning took place anytime and anywhere in the indigenous education. It could take place under a tree, in the bush as they were hunting or collecting fire wood or fruits. The type of education in indigenous education was informal and their forms of materials are varied while that of Modern education is formal and their forms of materials are written.

Although both practice technology. In Indigenous education they learn how to manufacture metal tools such as axes, hoes, spears, merchants, arrows and bows, knives, and others, while in Modern education they learn how manufacture metal tools such as cultivator, tractors, harrow, plows, crop dusters, combine harvester, seeder and others. In indigenous education the link with community are intimate while that of modern education the intimacy is not there or can be said to be secondary. In indigenous education teachers orientation takes place in the local community while in modern education teachers orientation takes place in the urban cities.

In indigenous education their teaching content is indigenous, folklore and rituals, also their capacity for change in content is little and sometimes none while in modern education their teaching content is classical, academic, also had some potential for innovation in terms of capacity for change in content. In indigenous education memory could fail, and in the event of the death of a custodian of some useful information or skill, all was lost.

There were, however, little or no cases of unemployment but in modern education it is written documented, at any time can make references to it. Indigenous education was more practical than the kind of education brought by the missionaries modern. Indigenous education gave a sense of belonging to the culture while the missionaries kind of education did not. The indigenous type of education is not flexible that is why the type of education provided was static, this means that it was unchanging from generation to generation, in other words it was rather conservative and not innovative, while the Modern type of education is flexible that is why the type of education provided was not static, this means that it was changing from one generation to another, in other words it was innovative.

It is the result of both communities and societies need to prepare its young minds for future role. It is the natural process of growth. It helps people to develop their skill and talent and it is a treasure that one keeps for his or herself and nobody can take it away from us.

In conclusion, the growing recognition and use of indigenous education methods can be a response to the erosion and loss of indigenous knowledge through the processes of colonialism, globalization, and modernity.

Fafunwa, B. A History of education in Nigeria. In terms of agriculture, Sherington pointed out that a person learnt how to grow crops in the indigenous African education such as finger millet, rice, wheat, sorghum, maize, sweetpotatoe and pumpkins.

This was an economic system of education. Apart from this type of education system the indigenous African education also practiced technology in which they learned how to manufacture metal tools such as axes, hoes, spears, merchants, knives, arrows and bows. There was also a political stability of life among the indigenous African people which led to the political system. Society was based first of all on family relations; the smallest social unit was home stead in which a child learnt how to behave with the mother and father.

Chief was recognized as a leader of all civil, military, judiciary and religious matters affecting the people in his area. This type of education had religious teachings centred on supreme beings with strong believes in the ancestral spirits.

The young people had to learn when and why spirits of the departed had to be propitiated on ceremonial purification had to be performed. The value of certain charms and protective medicine. Unlike indigenous education the missionaries had structured type of education since they had buildings where learning took place.

This explains why they had an organized link between local and international institutions outside. This type of education was formal and school building were well established. However, these established structures were divided into three categories that is lower level, middle level and upper level. They had curriculum and time table in place. In spite of both indigenous and missionaries education having teachers, the indigenous African teachers were not specific.

The teaching included any one elderly or knowledgeable person that the teachers. Missionary education had an obligation to train teachers and these were paid in kind.

The trained teachers were those who could read, understand and interpret the bible. Training of teachers took place at normal schools. On content of indigenous education, the physical environment influenced the content of the curriculum.

This shows as that what was taught meant to assist the child to adjust and adapt to the environment so that the child could exploit and derive benefit from it.

The child learnt about landscape, weather and about plants and animals so as to come to term with the environment. In addition, the physical situation influenced what practical skills the child acquired in order to be prepared for the future responsibilities. For instance, boys and girls who lived in fishing areas learnt such skills. In addition to what has been highlighted on above, the principle aim of the African education was to prepare an individual for self reliance, there was early introduction for adult life from six years.

This was to free the infancy from dependants upon parents. To this effect, education was based on the assumption that an individual can participate in community life and benefit from the education the community had to offer. Learners were impacted with knowledge on survival skills such as carpentry, forming pottery and basketry. The aim of spreading the world of God was to have people who are literate to read and interpret the bible.

Most of the Christian leaders were nurtured through education in order to sing hymn songs in foreign language. The type of education that was brought by the missionaries was aimed at making Africans learn how to read and write so that Africans can easily be converted to Christianity.

Instruction in western education is supervised by designated officials inspectors while everybody peers, parents, siblings etc supervise the operation of indigenous education. Specialized teachers handle given subject in the school curriculum while everybody in the communities is involved in the act of training in indigenous education.

Everyone want the child to be sociable, honest,courageous,humble,persvering and of good character, moral traing is emphasized. Western education encourages rural-urban migration. It alienates recipients from their community, erroneously described as uncivilized. For instance ,boarding school not only see themselves as superior to those who lived in villages and towns, they equally tend to shun and disregard their people's culture.

On the other hand indigenous education integrates recipient to the society since it is not only socializing but it includes community development in its programme.